Termite Guide

Termites

Reticulitermes flavipes

Termites can hide in your home for years and cause costly damage. Eastern subterranean termites are the most common wood-destroying bugs in the United States.

Eastern subterranean termite workers and soldiers showing their pale, creamy-white coloring
Explore 20 species of termites Jump to species list

Termites Identification Guide

Physical Characteristics

Termites are small, soft bugs that look like ants but are different. They have straight feelers, thick waists, and wings that are the same length. In Northern Virginia, the eastern subterranean termite is the most common type. These termites are pale white to light brown. Workers are about 1/4 inch long. Soldiers have bigger, darker heads with strong jaws.

Common Species

  • Eastern Subterranean Termite (Reticulitermes flavipes)

  • Formosan Termite (Coptotermes formosanus): less common but very aggressive

Termites Behavior and Biology

Termites live in large groups called colonies. Each colony has workers, soldiers, and termites that can reproduce. They eat cellulose, which is found in wood, paper, and plants. Eastern subterranean termites build their nests in the ground. They make mud tubes to reach wood above ground. These tubes keep them safe from threats and help them stay moist. Colonies can grow for years and may have millions of members.

How We Treat for Termites

At Better Termite & Pest Control, we offer several termite treatment options to fit your needs:

Sentricon Baiting System

  • Best for ongoing protection and long-term care.

  • Uses bait stations with Recruit HD to kill entire colonies.

  • Good for the environment and does not disturb your yard.

  • We install stations around your home and check them each year.

Curative Liquid Treatment

  • Best for active problems that need quick action.

  • Creates a barrier around your home to stop termites from getting in.

  • May need trenching and drilling in some areas.

Pre-Construction Treatments

  • Best for new homes before termites become a problem.

  • We treat wood or soil with borate products during building.

  • Comes with a one-year warranty from the time you move in.

Termite Inspections and Warranties

  • Annual checks are included for termite plan customers.

  • We catch problems early and retreat if needed.

Types of Termites

Click on any species below to learn more about identification, behavior, and control methods.

Close-up of arid-land subterranean termite workers showing pale creamy-white bodies

Arid-Land Subterranean Termites

Reticulitermes tibialis

The arid-land subterranean termite is a wood-destroying insect native to western and north-central North America. Found in deserts, prairies, and other dry environments, this species has a broader geographic range than any other Reticulitermes termite in the United States.

View identification guide
Asian subterranean termite soldier showing characteristic orange-brown head and white body

Asian Subterranean Termites

Coptotermes gestroi

The Asian subterranean termite is an invasive species that ranks among the most destructive termites worldwide. Found primarily in tropical regions, it causes severe structural damage and spreads rapidly through human activity.

View identification guide
Conehead termite soldier showing distinctive dark cone-shaped head and cream-colored body

Conehead Termites

Nasutitermes corniger

Conehead termites are an invasive species from the Caribbean known for their dark brown arboreal nests and distinctive cone-shaped soldier heads. Unlike most termites, they forage above ground like ants, making them spread rapidly.

View identification guide
Dampwood termite showing characteristic large body and brownish coloring

Dampwood Termites

Archotermopsidae

Dampwood termites are the largest termites in North America. They infest moist, decaying wood and do not require contact with soil, making them distinct from subterranean species.

View identification guide
Dark southern subterranean termite swarmer showing dark brown body and translucent wings

Dark Southern Subterranean Termites

Reticulitermes virginicus

Dark southern subterranean termites are wood-eating insects found in the southeastern United States. They are one of the most common termite species that damage homes.

View identification guide
Desert dampwood termite soldier showing characteristic reddish head and cream-colored body

Desert Dampwood Termites

Paraneotermes simplicicornis

Desert dampwood termites are unique termites found in the arid Southwest. They infest moist wood and citrus trees, and are known for their extensive tunneling behavior.

View identification guide
Close-up of a desert drywood termite worker showing golden-tan coloring and segmented body

Desert Drywood Termites

Marginitermes hubbardi

Desert drywood termites are specialized wood-eating insects native to the arid Southwest and Mexico. They live entirely within dry wood without needing soil contact, feeding primarily on dead cactus skeletons and structural wood in desert environments.

View identification guide
Desert subterranean termite workers and soldiers with pale bodies and orange-brown heads in their nest

Desert Subterranean Termites

Heterotermes aureus

The desert subterranean termite is a wood-eating insect found in the hot, dry Southwest United States and northern Mexico. These termites can cause serious damage to homes and buildings in desert areas.

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Drywood termite worker showing characteristic pale tan coloring and segmented body

Drywood Termites

Kalotermitidae

Drywood termites live entirely within wood and do not require contact with soil. They infest dry, sound wood in structures and furniture, making them difficult to detect until significant damage occurs.

View identification guide
Eastern subterranean termite swarmer (alate) showing distinctive wings, dark body, and beaded antennae

Eastern Subterranean Termites

Reticulitermes flavipes

Eastern subterranean termites are the most common and economically important wood-destroying insects in North America, causing billions of dollars in structural damage annually.

View identification guide
Florida dampwood termite soldier showing reddish-brown head and cream-colored body

Florida Dampwood Termites

Neotermes castaneus

Florida dampwood termites are large termites found in southern Florida that infest moist, decaying wood. Unlike subterranean termites, they do not require soil contact and rarely damage homes.

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Formosan termite swarmer with wings spread on blue fabric showing yellowish-brown coloring

Formosan Termites

Coptotermes formosanus

Formosan termites are an invasive species known as 'super termites' due to their aggressive behavior and large colonies. They can cause severe structural damage much faster than native termite species.

View identification guide
Light southern subterranean termite worker with pale yellowish body on decomposing wood

Light Southern Subterranean Termites

Reticulitermes hageni

The light southern subterranean termite is a native wood-destroying insect found across the southeastern United States. Named for the distinctive yellowish-brown color of its swarmers, this species causes structural damage to homes throughout its range.

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Nevada dampwood termite showing characteristic tan and cream coloring with segmented abdomen

Nevada Dampwood Termites

Zootermopsis nevadensis

Nevada dampwood termites are large wood-destroying insects that infest moist, decaying wood in western North America. Unlike subterranean termites, they live entirely within the wood they consume and do not require soil contact.

View identification guide
Pacific dampwood termite soldier showing distinctive reddish-brown head and cream-colored body

Pacific Dampwood Termites

Zootermopsis angusticollis

Pacific dampwood termites are among the largest termites in North America. They live in moist, decaying wood along the Pacific Coast and can cause damage to homes with moisture problems.

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Southeastern drywood termite winged alate showing characteristic yellowish-tan body and translucent wings

Southeastern Drywood Termites

Incisitermes snyderi

Southeastern drywood termites are wood-destroying insects that live entirely within dry wood. They do not need soil contact and infest structural timbers, furniture, and hardwood throughout the southeastern United States.

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Eastern subterranean termite swarmer (alate) showing characteristic dark body and translucent wings

Subterranean Termites

Reticulitermes flavipes

Subterranean termites are the most destructive wood-destroying insects in North America, causing billions of dollars in damage annually. They live underground and build mud tubes to reach wood above soil level.

View identification guide
West Indian drywood termite showing characteristic golden-brown body and dark head

West Indian Drywood Termites

Cryptotermes brevis

West Indian drywood termites are among the most destructive and widespread drywood termite species in the world. They infest dry wood in structures and furniture, causing over $100 million in damage annually in the United States alone.

View identification guide
Western drywood termite soldier showing characteristic reddish-brown head and dark abdomen

Western Drywood Termites

Incisitermes minor

The western drywood termite is the most common structure-infesting drywood termite in the southwestern United States. These termites live entirely within dry wood and create colonies that can cause significant structural damage over many years.

View identification guide
Western subterranean termite swarmer viewed from above showing dark head and translucent wings

Western Subterranean Termites

Reticulitermes hesperus

The western subterranean termite is a native wood-destroying insect found along the Pacific Coast from British Columbia to Southern California. These termites cause significant structural damage to homes and buildings in western North America.

View identification guide

Common Questions about Termites

What are the signs of a termite infestation?

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Mud tubes along the foundation, hollow-sounding wood when tapped, discarded wings near windows or doors (swarmers), visible damage to wood, including sagging floors

How much damage can termites cause?

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Termites cause over $5 billion in structural damage annually in the U.S. The average untreated infestation leads to $3,300 in home damage before detection.

Why should I get termite protection if I don't see termites?

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Termites can live undetected for years, causing significant damage before signs appear. A monitoring system like Sentricon ensures early detection and proactive elimination.

What makes Sentricon better than liquid treatments?

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Sentricon is non-invasive, continuously active, and eliminates the colony rather than just repelling termites. It's also less disruptive to your property since no trenching or drilling is required.

Can I cancel my termite plan anytime?

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Yes. With Better Termite & Pest Control, there are no binding contracts. If you choose to cancel, we remove the Sentricon stations, as they can only be maintained by licensed professionals.

How often should I have my home inspected for termites?

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Annual inspections are recommended to detect early signs of activity. If you are in a high-risk area like Northern Virginia, proactive monitoring is essential.

Do termites only infest old homes?

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No, termites will infest any structure with wood, regardless of age. Even new homes are susceptible if proper preventative measures aren't in place.

How do I schedule a termite inspection?

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Call us at 703-683-2000 or email info@bettertermite.com to book your inspection today.

More Resources About Termites

Explore our guides and articles for more information about termites.

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Browse our comprehensive pest library for identification guides and control information.

George Schulz
About the Author
George Schulz

With five years of hands-on experience in the pest control industry, George Schulz is a registered technician with the Virginia Pest Management Association and a proud third-generation professional in a family business that's been protecting homes for over 57 years.

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